These procedures are not used very much today, because conventional IVF / ICSI is a better and less invasive procedure. The main reason that they are performed is because of difficulty in transferring embryos via the cervix in conventional IVF. These procedures require a general anaesthetic and a laparoscopy operation in order to visualize the fallopian tubes.

GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Tube transfer). The eggs are collected vaginally via ultrasound and then transferred together with a sperm sample into the fallopian tube.